空间真空环境下密封电磁继电器的触点失效研究

密封电磁继电器有其固有的漏率,在应用于空间真空环境下由于气体泄漏使得其内部气体压力逐渐降低,导致继电器的触点在低气压环境下工作失效（负载切换时）。文章选择国产继电器样品对上述机理进行了试验验证,并对继电器内部气体压力与触点电弧失效的规律进行了研究。     

Ion-acoustic waves in unmagnetized collisionless weakly relativistic plasma of warm-ion and isothermal-electron using time-fractional KdV equation

Collisionless unmagnetized plasma consisting of a mixture of warm ion-fluid and isothermal-electron is considered, assuming that the ion flow velocity has a weak relativistic effect. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation for small – but finite-amplitude electrostatic ion-acoustic waves in this plasma. The semi-inverse method and Agrawal’s method lead to the Euler–Lagrange equation that leads to the time fractional KdV equation. The variational-iteration method given by He is used to solve the derived time fractional KdV equation. The calculations show that the fractional order may play the same rule of higher order dissipation in KdV equation to modulate the soliton wave amplitude in the plasma system. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as space-plasmas, laser-plasma interaction, plasma sheet boundary layer of the earth’s magnetosphere, solar atmosphere and interplanetary space.     

旋转状态柔性附件航天器振动及其变结构控制

基于Hamilton变分原理,采用Mindlin厚板理论,研究了旋转状态中心刚体—悬臂厚板振动及其变结构控制问题。采用Hamilton状态空间法,应用弹性波与振动模态理论,确定了Mindlin厚板中的振动模态。针对该模型系统设计了控制器,采用滑模变结构控制理论,实现了对系统实施渐近稳定控制的设计。采用的变结构控制能使系统达到所期望的振动状态,有效地抑制了平板振动。最后,给出了数值模拟结果,讨论了中心刚体—悬臂厚板位移的动力学控制规律。该方法和计算结果可望能在带有柔性附件航天器的动力学控制中得到应用。     

穿刺结构参数对C/C复合材料拉伸性能的影响

采用不同间距、不同根数的纤维束穿刺成型炭纤维预制体,经进一步化学气相沉积、沥青浸渍-高压炭化致密制备穿刺C/C复合材料。拉伸性能测试结果表明,穿刺间距2.1mm、穿刺束纤维根数为12K的C/C复合材料获得高的拉伸强度,Z向拉伸强度131.4MPa,XY向拉伸强度111.3MPa;随着穿刺间距减小、穿刺丝束纤维根数增加,Z向纤维含量增加,Z向拉伸强度明显提高。穿刺C/C复合材料1800℃真空条件下的拉伸强度与室温相当,拉伸模量低于室温,延伸率高于室温;常温拉伸断口较平整,且纤维/基体间的裂纹明显,而高温拉伸断口参差不齐,纤维及基体断面粗糙,呈现出假塑性断裂特征。     

固体推进剂动态储能模量主曲线计算应力松弛模量

基于一维线性粘弹性理论中动态储能模量与应力松弛模量的关系,导出了一种利用动态储能模量主曲线计算固体推进剂修正应力松弛模量的方法。通过两类固体推进剂修正应力松弛模量与实测应力松弛模量主曲线对比发现:虽然计算值大大高于实测值,但二者的比例系数随时间单调递减。根据这种关系,利用固体推进剂动态储能模量主曲线可以计算一定时间内的应力松弛模量。最后,对该方法在发动机药柱应力松弛模量监测中的应用进行了初步探讨。     

NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面细观力学性能/结构研究

研究了不同组成的NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面细观力学性能和结构的差异,以及对应粘接界面贮存过程中粘接性能和破坏方式的变化规律,探索了粘接界面的细观力学性能、结构与破坏方式的内在关联,初步提出NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面失效模式。试验结果表明,粘接界面细观力学性能、结构与界面粘接质量相关,是影响界面失效模式的主要因素。粘接界面具有高模量、高硬度层,N元素含量高且有明显梯度变化时,粘接质量较好,发生内聚破坏,反之发生界面破坏或混合破坏;老化过程中,粘接界面的模量和硬度降低、N元素的含量明显降低决定粘接界面依次发生内聚破坏、混合破坏和界面破坏。     

航空发动机导流叶片角度调节参数变化故障分析

某型发动机低压压气机进口导流叶片角度α1,其电子调节部分执行机构电磁活门的占空比(Sα),在整个调节过程中是起关键作用的重要参数,但在台架试车过程中曾多台次出现在不同次检查时Sα数值变化的故障。通过对α1主调节系统工作原理的深入分析,确定试车中Sα变化故障是由于燃油调节机构掺混入空气所致,并得到试车验证。本研究对发动机试车中类似故障的排除具有重要的参考意义。     

Surface Roughness Effects on Vortex Torque of Air Supported Gyroscope

In order to improve the drift precision of air supported gyroscope, effects of surface roughness magnitude and direction on vortex torque of air supported gyroscope are studied. Based on Christensen’s rough surface stochastic model and consistency transformation method, Reynolds equation of air supported gyroscope containing surface roughness information is established. Also effects of mathematical models of main machining errors on vortex torque are established. By using finite element method, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically and the vortex torque in the presence of machining errors and surface roughness is calculated. The results show that surface roughness of slit has a significant effect on vortex torque. Transverse surface roughness makes vortex torque greater, while longitudinal surface roughness makes vortex torque smaller. The maximal difference approaches 11.4% during the range analyzed in this article. However surface roughness of journal influences vortex torque insignificantly. The research is of great significance for designing and manufacturing air supported gyroscope and predicting its performance.     

体现主客方校准法的塔式垂准仪校准装置

介绍了基于顶杆原理的主客方校准法;叙述了以三轴重合为功能设计重点、以天顶天底和屋顶地面照准标融为一体为主线、可见光与激光校准项目有机结合的实现主客方校准法的校准装置设计思路与构建原则。最后,给出了装置复现的准铅垂线的准确度分析。     

氢致Ⅰ型裂纹扩展的位错塞积群模型

本文利用位错理论和夹杂理论研究了Ⅰ型裂纹前方的位错塞积群和氢气团以及它们之间的交互作用，求得了塞积群的位借密度、应力集中系数和裂纹扩展速率。所得结果表明，氢气团促进裂纹尖端位猪源开动，即促进滞后塑性变形，提高塞积群的应力集中系数，引起材料脆化，促进微裂纹核形成。